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, Dorte Glintborg Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital , Odense C, Denmark Correspondence should be addressed to D Glintborg; Email: dorte.glintborg@rsyd.dk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Marianne Andersen Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital , Odense C, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic
European Journal of Endocrinology, Volume 176, Issue 2, Feb 2017, Pages R53–R65, https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-16-0373
Published:
01 February 2017
Article history
Received:
27 April 2016
Revision received:
17 August 2016
Accepted:
05 September 2016
Published:
01 February 2017
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Dorte Glintborg, Marianne Andersen, MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Morbidity in polycystic ovary syndrome, European Journal of Endocrinology, Volume 176, Issue 2, Feb 2017, Pages R53–R65, https://doi.org/10.1530/EJE-16-0373
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Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most prevalent endocrine condition in premenopausal women. The syndrome is characterized by hyperandrogenism, irregular menses and polycystic ovaries when other etiologies are excluded. Obesity, insulin resistance and low vitamin D levels are present in more than 50% patients with PCOS, these factors along with hyperandrogenism could have adverse effects on long-term health. Hyperinflammation and impaired epithelial function were reported to a larger extent in women with PCOS and could particularly be associated with hyperandrogenism, obesity and insulin resistance. Available data from register-based and data linkage studies support that metabolic-vascular and thyroid diseases, asthma, migraine, depression and cancer are diagnosed more frequently in PCOS, whereas fracture risk is decreased. Drug prescriptions are significantly more common in PCOS than controls within all diagnose categories including antibiotics. The causal relationship between PCOS and autoimmune disease represents an interesting new area of research. PCOS is a lifelong condition and long-term morbidity could be worsened by obesity, sedentary way of life, Western-style diet and smoking, whereas lifestyle intervention including weight loss may partly or fully resolve the symptoms of PCOS and could improve the long-term prognosis. In this review, the possible implications of increased morbidity for the clinical and biochemical evaluation of patients with PCOS at diagnosis and follow-up is further discussed along with possible modifying effects of medical treatment.
© European Society of Endocrinology 2017
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